The very old city of Piazza Armerina in Enna Province sits in a landscape of densely treed hills called the Erei Mountains, at an elevation of nearly 700 meters giving it a spectacular view of the surrounding countryside.  Truth be told, travelers visit the city largely because it is the nearest center to the Villa Romana del Casale, a few kilometers south.  But, Piazza Armerina has its own charms.

The city is dominated by the formidable Spinelli Castle, an Aragonese castle built from 1392-1396 and a Baroque style cathedral whose dome can be seen for miles around.  However, there are a number of other notable churches to visit, and the centro storico - the historical center - offers pleasant strolls and piazzas fronted by an assortment of Renaissance and Baroque era palazzi and other buildings.  There are also a number of good cafes, trattorias and restaurants, particularly along via Cavour, where you one can while away the hours.

The area of the town has been settled since pre-historic times by one of the tribes that inhabited Sicily before the arrival of the Greeks.  There was probably a Greek community here, though not much is left of their habitation.  It seems to have been a flourishing town during Roman times, and it is obvious from surviving buildings, monuments and artifacts that Piazza (as it was simply known until 1862) was an important center after the Norman conquest of Sicily in the 11th Century.

The massive Baroque style Cathedral, which incorporates both Norman Gothic and Catalan Gothic features, was built over a long period of time.  The upper part dates from the 16th century, the lower was built during the late 17th and early 18th centuries on the foundations of an existing church.  The dome was completed in 1768. 

The adjacent Diocesan Museum contains much of the old treasure of the cathedral including silveware, reliquaries, sculpture, art works and so on.  Aslo facing into the capacious Piazza Duomo is the Palazzo Trigona, built by the wealthy Trigona family who commissioned much of the building of the Duomo.  The Palazzo di Citta (1700s) - home of the city administration has some interesting fresco work.

Other churches and religious buildings of interest include Chiesa di Santo Martino di Tours (1163), the Hermitage of St. Andrews dating to the 12th century,  Chiesa San Giovanni Evangelista (14th century) with very good interior frescoes by Gugliemo Borremans, Chiesa Santa Maria del Gesu (16th century) and the Chiesa di Fundro (1613), dedicated to Saint Roch, which has a portal carved out of tufa.  Chiesa Sant'Anna has a curiously concave portal.  Just outside town, one finds the Priorato di Sant'Andrea, a monastery founded by a nephew of the first Norman King of Sicily, Roger I.

On via Cavour behind the Duomo is a hospital built originally by the Franciscans in the 17th century.  It's bell tower has a conical spire covered in majolica tiles and its south facing facade is graced with a balcony, elegantly supported with Baroque style brackets.

Villa Romana del Casale

The principal tourist attraction in the area - about 7 km south of Piazza Armerina - are the ruins of a villa built by a wealthy Roman patrician between 330 and 360 AD. It is one of the largest and most lavish of such villas to have survived the ravages of time.

The villa, which is surprisingly large, has been enclosed within a glass and steel framework to protect it from the elements and to facilitate ongoing archaeological work.  Most of the original foundations, most of its walls and many of its columns remain intact.  Archaeological evidence suggests that the villa was built upon the remains of an ancient village dating to 100 or 200 AD.

There are many rooms, interior courtyards, a lavatory system and thermal bath (with various pipes still intact) and other areas that would have been kitchens, pantries, servant quarters and so on.

The mosaic  floors and wall decorations (covering an amazing 3500 square meters) show an astounding range of imagery depicting a certain kind of Roman life - certainly not one open to the middle or lower classes.  There are, for instance, hunting scenes, and scenes of scantily clothed, nubile young women exercising with dumbbells and other Roman era gym equipment.